![]() ![]() In association with insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, obesity contributes to metabolic syndrome, a hallmark of cardiovascular risk 2. Our study elucidates the nature and range of the cellular composition of the ascending aorta and increases understanding of the development and progression of aortic inflammatory disease.Ĭonsumption of high-fat diets (HFDs) like the Western diet is one of the important factors leading to a high rate of obesity 1. ![]() Under HFD conditions, aortic-resident macrophage numbers were increased, and blood-derived macrophages showed the strongest expression of proinflammatory cytokines. This increase was accompanied by upregulation of proinflammatory genes. In the HFD group, three major SMC subpopulations showed increased expression of extracellular matrix-degradation genes, and a synthetic SMC subcluster was proportionally increased. After HFD intake, subpopulations of endothelial cells with lipid transport and angiogenesis capacity and extensive expression of contractile genes were defined. Unsupervised cluster analysis of the transcriptional profiles from 24,001 aortic cells identified 27 clusters representing 10 cell types: endothelial cells (ECs), fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs), immune cells (B cells, T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells), mesothelial cells, pericytes, and neural cells. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing on ascending aortas from mice fed a normal diet and mice fed a HFD. However, the heterogeneity and cellular composition of the ascending aorta in the setting of a high-fat diet (HFD) have not been fully assessed. The aorta contains numerous cell types that contribute to vascular inflammation and thus the progression of aortic diseases. ![]()
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